What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?
The primary fuel source for all cells is glucose, or blood sugar, which is the simplest form of carbohydrate. Cells absorb glucose after beta cells in your pancreas release insulin, a hormone, when your pancreas gets a signal that your blood sugar is high.
With Type 1 diabetes, your pancreas can’t produce insulin. This can occur at any point in life, often after a severe infection. But in many instances, it’s a genetic or developmental issue that starts during childhood, which is why its nickname is “juvenile diabetes.”
In most cases, Type 2 diabetes develops later in life as your body starts becoming resistant to insulin, or because your pancreas slows down insulin production. Usually, this stems from having too much body fat.
Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes result in elevated blood sugar levels. If left untreated or poorly managed, the constant surge in glucose can damage nerves and vital organs, including your kidneys.
How do I know if I have diabetes?
One of the reasons it’s necessary to have an annual exam with your primary care doctor is to monitor signs of chronic diseases, including diabetes. If your blood sugar rises with each exam, it could warrant further testing. You might also have diabetes if you experience:
- Frequent urination
- Excessive thirst
- Fruity smelling breath
- Ravenous appetite
- Unexplained weight loss
If we suspect that you have diabetes, an A1c test may be ordered. This simple blood test evaluates your average blood sugar level for the previous three months. An abnormal A1c reading often results in a diabetes diagnosis.
Can diabetes be cured?
Though there is no cure for diabetes, you can certainly manage the condition and live a long, healthy life. All Type 1 diabetics need insulin injections or an insulin pump to get the hormone into their bodies.
In some cases, Type 2 diabetics also need insulin, though oftentimes you can manage the condition through oral medications and dietary changes. These drugs can stimulate insulin production or help your body use insulin more efficiently.
If you are at risk of developing diabetes or are struggling to manage your blood sugar, schedule a visit at Texas Medical Home either over the phone or online.
